PERLINDUNGAN HAK ASASI MANUSIA DALAM SISTEM HUKUM INDONESIA

Abstract

Human rights are basic rights that inherently belong to every individual from birth and therefore must be respected, protected, and fulfilled by the state. In Indonesia, the protection of human rights is guaranteed through various legal instruments, including the Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia of 1945, Law Number 39 of 1999 concerning Human Rights, and several other related regulations. However, despite the existence of these legal frameworks, incidents indicating human rights violations continue to occur in society, involving both private individuals and state actors.

This article examines the implementation of human rights protection within the Indonesian legal system using a normative juridical approach supported by a case study derived from recent news reports. The case discussed concerns the alleged acid attack against human rights activist Andrie Yunus, which attracted attention from the National Commission on Human Rights (Komnas HAM). The findings indicate that Indonesia has established a fairly comprehensive legal foundation for the protection of human rights. Nevertheless, various challenges remain, particularly in terms of law enforcement effectiveness, the timely resolution of cases, and the provision of adequate safeguards for human rights defenders. Therefore, stronger commitment and coordination among law enforcement agencies and state institutions are required to ensure that human rights protection is implemented fairly, consistently, and effectively.